2-thiophenemethylammonium iodide (ThMAI; 2-TMAI) is used as a perovskite precursor in the preparation of perovskite-based opto-electronic systems including perovskite solar cells (Akin et al., 2021). Using 2-thiophenemethylammonium (ThMA) as a Spacer cation embedded into the FAI- and MAI-based 3D perovskite results in highly efficient and stable perovskite devices with excellent photovoltaic properties (Zhou et al., 2019).
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Akin, S., Dong, B., Pfeifer, L., Liu, Y., Graetzel, M., Hagfeldt, A., 2021. Organic Ammonium Halide Modulators as Effective Strategy for Enhanced Perovskite Photovoltaic Performance. Advanced Science 8, 2004593.
Zhou, T., Lai, H., Liu, T., Lu, D., Wan, X., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., Chen, Y., 2019. Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells Based on Crystalline Oriented 2D/3D Hybrid Perovskite. Adv. Mater. Weinheim 31, e1901242.