The layer-by-layer ( LBL ) approach can achieve better vertical microstructure, however, it still lacks precise control over vertical composition and molecular organization. Gang Li from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Yang Yang from the University of California, and others achieved 19.4% organic solar cells by in-situ formation of pin structures with built-in interpenetrating networks .
This structure with a built-in interpenetrating network mitigates trap density states and energy losses and improves hole transfer kinetics, thereby balancing charge transport and maximizing open circuit voltage ( VOC ), short circuit current density ( JSC ) and fill factor ( FF ). Therefore, the authors achieved a high-efficiency GPT-LBL organic solar cell ( OSC ) with a power conversion efficiency ( PCE ) of 19.41% (certified 19.0% ) .
Furthermore, the large-area ( 1.03 cm 2 ) device containing GPT-LBL OSCs has a PCE of 17.52% in the open-air blade coating . The pin structure will have an important impact on device engineering and photophysical properties, and provide an effective method to achieve efficient, stable and scalable OSCs .
Ying Zhang et.al Achieving 19.4% organic solar cell via an in situ formation of p-i-n structure with built-in interpenetrating network Joule 2024
DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2023.12.009